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Cctv newsAccording to the website of the National Bureau of Statistics, since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the core, all localities and departments have adhered to the people-centered development idea, taken safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood as the fundamental starting point and end result of their work, conscientiously implemented the strategic goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and introduced and implemented a series of policies and measures to benefit the people and enrich the people. Residents’ income has grown rapidly, their income structure has been continuously improved, the income gap between urban and rural residents has been continuously narrowed, their consumption level has been continuously improved, and their quality of life

　　1. Residents’ income grew rapidly and their income structure improved continuously.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, various regions and departments have continuously increased the implementation of the employment priority policy, and various measures to promote residents’ income growth have continued to exert their strength. Residents have shared more economic and social development dividends, residents’ income has maintained rapid growth, and the income structure has been continuously optimized.

　　(1) Residents’ income maintained a rapid growth, which was basically in sync with economic growth.

　　In 2021, the per capita disposable income of the national residents was 35,128 yuan, an increase of 18,618 yuan compared with 16,510 yuan in 2012, with a cumulative nominal growth of 112.8% and an average annual nominal growth of 8.8%. After deducting the price factor, the cumulative real growth was 78.0% and the average annual real growth was 6.6%. Residents’ income growth and economic growth are basically synchronized, 2013— In 2021, the average annual real growth rate of per capita disposable income of residents is faster than the growth rate of per capita GDP by 0.5 percentage points.

　　(2) Residents’ income sources are diversified, and the proportion of net transfer income and net property income has increased.

　　All localities and departments have effectively implemented various employment and entrepreneurship policies, continuously increased the protection of people’s livelihood, broadened the channels for increasing residents’ income through multi-pronged, continuously optimized the business environment, continuously improved the social security system, and further improved the participation and distribution mechanism of various production factors. The net income of residents’ transfer and property in China has increased rapidly, and the proportion has been increasing. In 2021, the per capita disposable income of the national residents was 6531 yuan, an increase of 139.4% compared with 2012, with an average annual increase of 10.2%, and the proportion of the per capita disposable income increased from 16.5% in 2012 to 18.6% in 2021. In 2021, the per capita net income of property was 3,076 yuan, an increase of 149.8% over 2012, with an average annual increase of 10.7%, and the proportion of per capita disposable income increased from 7.5% in 2012 to 8.8% in 2021. Residents’ wage income and net operating income maintained rapid growth. In 2021, the per capita wage income was 19,629 yuan, an increase of 109.3% over 2012, with an average annual increase of 8.6%; The per capita net operating income was 5,893 yuan, an increase of 85.8% compared with 2012, with an average annual increase of 7.1%.

　　Second, the income distribution pattern has been continuously optimized, and the income gap between residents has been continuously narrowed.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party and the government have attached great importance to the issue of income distribution and made great efforts to deepen the reform of the income distribution system. The income gap between urban and rural residents and regional residents has been continuously narrowed, and the income distribution pattern has been significantly improved.

　　(A) the gap between urban and rural areas continues to narrow, and the income ratio is declining year by year.

　　With the deepening of the rural revitalization strategy and various policies to tackle poverty, the per capita disposable income of rural residents continues to grow faster than that of urban residents. In 2021, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 47,412 yuan, an increase of 96.5% over 2012; The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 18,931 yuan, an increase of 125.7% over 2012. 2013— In 2021, the average annual income growth rate of rural residents was 1.7 percentage points faster than that of urban residents. In 2021, the ratio of per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents was 2.50 (rural residents’ income =1), which was 0.38 lower than that in 2012, and the relative income gap between urban and rural residents continued to shrink.

　　(2) The income of residents in the central and western regions has increased rapidly, and the relative income gap between regions has been narrowing.

　　With the in-depth implementation of the overall strategy of regional development, the income growth rate of residents in the central and western regions is obviously faster than that in other regions. In 2021, the per capita disposable income of residents in the eastern, central, western and northeastern regions was 44,980 yuan, 29,650 yuan, 27,798 yuan and 30,518 yuan respectively, with cumulative increases of 110.1%, 116.2%, 123.5% and 89.5% respectively, with an average annual increase of 8.6% and 8.9% compared with 2012. The average annual growth rate of residents’ income in the western region is 0.7, 0.4 and 1.9 percentage points faster than that in the eastern, central and northeastern regions respectively. The ratio of per capita income of residents in the eastern, central and northeastern regions to that in the western region (taking the income of residents in the western region as 1) will be reduced from 1.72, 1.10 and 1.30 in 2012 to 1.62, 1.07 and 1.10 in 2021 respectively.

　　Third, the consumption level of residents has been continuously improved, and the consumption structure has been continuously optimized and upgraded.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, all localities and departments have conscientiously implemented various policies and measures to expand residents’ consumption, continuously improved the consumer market environment, effectively promoted the growth of residents’ consumption, continuously improved the consumption level of urban and rural residents, and optimized and upgraded the consumption structure.

　　(A) the level of consumption has been continuously improved, and the consumption capacity has been continuously enhanced.

　　In 2021, the per capita consumption expenditure of the national residents was 24,100 yuan, an increase of 12,046 yuan compared with 12,054 yuan in 2012. The per capita consumption expenditure increased by 99.9% in nominal terms, with an average annual increase of 8.0%. After deducting the price factor, it increased by 67.4% in real terms, with an average annual increase of 5.9%. In terms of urban and rural areas, the per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents was 30,307 yuan, representing a cumulative nominal increase of 77.2% and an average annual nominal increase of 6.6% compared with 2012. After deducting the price factor, the cumulative real increase was 47.9% and the average annual real increase was 4.4%. The per capita consumption expenditure of rural residents was 15,916 yuan, representing a cumulative nominal increase of 138.7% and an average annual nominal increase of 10.2% compared with 2012. After deducting the price factor, the cumulative real increase was 99.7% and the average annual real increase was 8.0%.

　　(B) Engel’s coefficient gradually decreased, and the quality of life continued to improve.

　　In 2021, the per capita expenditure on food, tobacco and alcohol in China was 7,178 yuan, an increase of 80.2% over 2012, with an average annual increase of 6.8%. The proportion of food, tobacco and alcohol expenditure in consumption expenditure (Engel coefficient) decreased from 33.0% in 2012 to 29.8% in 2021, a decrease of 3.2 percentage points. In terms of urban and rural areas, the per capita expenditure on food, alcohol and tobacco for urban residents was 8,678 yuan, an increase of 58.6% over 2012, with an average annual increase of 5.3%; The Engel coefficient of urban residents decreased from 32.0% in 2012 to 28.6% in 2021, a decrease of 3.4 percentage points. The per capita expenditure on food, alcohol and tobacco for rural residents was 5,200 yuan, up by 117.2% compared with 2012, with an average annual growth rate of 9.0%; The Engel coefficient of rural residents decreased from 35.9% in 2012 to 32.7% in 2021, a decrease of 3.2 percentage points. The decline of Engel’s coefficient marks the further improvement of residents’ living standards.

　　(C) The consumption structure was optimized and upgraded, and the development-oriented enjoyment consumption was increasing.

　　With the improvement of residents’ income level and the continuous expansion of consumption fields, the consumption structure of residents has been continuously optimized and upgraded, and the consumption of transportation, children’s education and medical services has grown rapidly, and the proportion of service consumption expenditure has gradually increased. In 2021, the per capita transportation and communication expenditure of the national residents was 3,156 yuan, up by 117.5% compared with 2012, with an average annual growth rate of 9.0%, which was faster than the average annual growth rate of the national per capita consumption expenditure by 1.0 percentage points, accounting for 13.1% of the per capita consumption expenditure, up by 1.1 percentage points compared with 2012. In 2021, the per capita expenditure on education, culture and entertainment of the national residents was 2,599 yuan, up by 106.0% compared with 2012, with an average annual growth rate of 8.4%, which was 0.4 percentage points faster than that of the national residents, accounting for 10.8% of the per capita consumption expenditure, up by 0.3 percentage points compared with 2012. In 2021, the per capita medical and health care expenditure of the national residents was 2115 yuan, up by 152.3% compared with 2012, with an average annual growth rate of 10.8%, which was faster than the average annual growth rate of the national per capita consumption expenditure by 2.8 percentage points, accounting for 8.8% of the per capita consumption expenditure, up by 1.8 percentage points compared with 2012. In 2021, the per capita service consumption expenditure of the national residents accounted for 44.2% of the per capita consumption expenditure, an increase of 4.5 percentage points over 2013.

　　Fourth, the quality of life of residents has continued to improve, and the living environment has improved significantly.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with the improvement of residents’ income and consumption level, household durable consumer goods have been continuously upgraded. At the same time, the party and the state regard accelerating the construction of local infrastructure as an important carrier to improve the level of people’s livelihood security, strive to promote the equalization of basic public services, improve the coverage rate of public facilities, and improve the living environment of urban and rural residents in all directions.

　　(1) Sustained upgrading of durable consumer goods

　　With the continuous improvement of residents’ income level, the consumption power is further enhanced, and the pace of consumption upgrading is accelerated. The main durable consumer goods owned by urban and rural residents are increasing, and cars, air conditioners and mobile phones are becoming more and more popular in residents’ families. In 2021, the average number of family cars owned by urban and rural residents per 100 households was 50.1 and 30.2, increasing by 132.7% and 358.3% respectively compared with 2012; The average number of air conditioners per 100 households is 161.7 and 89.0, which are 27.5% and 250.8% higher than that in 2012, respectively. The average number of mobile phones per 100 households is 253.6 and 266.6, which are 19.3% and 34.8% higher than that in 2012, respectively. Rural residents’ basic household appliances have increased rapidly, and the convenience of life has been greatly improved. In 2021, the average number of refrigerators owned by rural residents per 100 households was 103.5, an increase of 53.8% over 2012; The average number of washing machines per 100 households was 96.1, an increase of 42.9% over 2012.

　　(B) living conditions and quality have improved significantly.

　　With the renovation of shanty towns, the construction of low-rent housing and affordable housing, and the renovation of dilapidated houses in poverty-stricken areas, the living conditions of urban and rural residents have improved significantly. In 2021, the proportion of urban and rural residents living in reinforced concrete or brick-concrete structure housing was 96.2% and 77.6%, which were 4.4 and 21.9 percentage points higher than that in 2013 respectively; The proportion of urban and rural households with safe drinking water was 99.5% and 97.0%, which were 1.5 and 22.3 percentage points higher than that in 2013, respectively. The proportion of urban and rural residents who have no difficulty in obtaining drinking water is 99.4% and 97.6%, which are 2.7 and 12.0 percentage points higher than that in 2013, respectively; The proportion of urban and rural households with piped water supply was 98.7% and 92.7%, up by 1.7 and 29.4 percentage points respectively compared with 2013.

　　In recent years, with the deepening of the rural toilet revolution and the shortcomings of rural residents’ living environment, the sanitary conditions of urban and rural residents’ toilets have improved significantly. In 2021, the proportion of households using sanitary toilets in urban and rural areas was 97.6% and 82.6%, which were 8.3 and 47.0 percentage points higher than that in 2013 respectively. The proportion of households using flush toilets in urban and rural areas was 94.9% and 67.1%, which were 8.0 and 44.9 percentage points higher than that in 2013 respectively. The proportion of urban and rural residents who use their own toilets is 97.7% and 96.8%, which is 8.0 and 4.2 percentage points higher than that in 2013.

　　(3) The living environment and quality continue to improve.

　　The coverage of the "four links" has been expanding. By 2021, the nationwide electrified communities [2] have basically achieved full coverage. The community where residents in urban areas live has basically realized all telephone calls and cable TV signals, and 99.9% of households have access to roads, an increase of 0.7 percentage points over 2013. In rural areas, 99.9%, 99.8% and 99.9% of households located in natural villages have access to telephones, cable TV signals and highways, which are 1.3, 10.6 and 1.6 percentage points higher than that in 2013.

　　In 2021, 96.6% of the drinking water in urban areas and 80.4% of the drinking water in rural areas were treated by centralized purification, which were 5.3 and 34.8 percentage points higher than that in 2013 respectively. In 2021, 99.1% of households in urban areas can be treated centrally, an increase of 3.3 percentage points over 2013; In rural areas, 95.2% of households located in natural villages can be treated centrally, which is 46.5 percentage points higher than that in 2013.

　　(D) Improve the level of medical services and education services.

　　With the deepening of the policy of integrating urban and rural medical insurance and the full implementation of the strategy of healthy China, the level of medical public services that urban and rural residents can enjoy has gradually improved. In 2021, 87.5% of households in urban areas have health stations in their communities, and 94.8% of households in rural areas have health stations in their natural villages, increasing by 7.8 and 13.2 percentage points respectively compared with 2013. The level of educational services received by urban and rural residents has improved significantly. In 2021, 99.0% of households in urban areas live in communities that can facilitate kindergartens or preschool classes, an increase of 2.3 percentage points over 2013; 99.2% of households live in communities where primary schools are convenient, an increase of 2.4 percentage points over 2013. In 2021, 90.1% of households in rural areas are located in natural villages that can facilitate kindergartens or preschool classes on the ground, an increase of 14.4 percentage points over 2013; There are 91.3% households in natural villages that can facilitate primary schools on the ground, an increase of 10.5 percentage points over 2013.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the people’s living standards and quality have made historic progress and jumped in all directions. The Party and the people have successfully achieved the first century-long struggle goal, built a well-off society in an all-round way on the land of China, and are struggling towards the second century-long struggle goal of building a socialist modernization power in an all-round way. At present, it is a long way to go to solidly promote common prosperity, consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively link with rural revitalization, and continuously improve the living standards of residents. Let us unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, make efforts to continuously safeguard and improve people’s livelihood in development, continuously raise the income level of residents, continuously improve the quality of life of residents, and make new and greater contributions to realizing people’s yearning for a better life and building a socialist modern power.

　　Note:

　　[1] Unless otherwise specified, the following are nominal growth.

　　[2] Community refers to neighborhood committees or communities in urban areas and natural villages in rural areas.

　　Cctv newsAccording to the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, starting from tomorrow (September 1), small car driving licenses can be applied for in different places in the province, motor vehicles can be inspected in different provinces, and vehicles can be transferred from different places to realize online transmission of file information.

　　At present, it is common to live, study and work in different places, and the demand for driving licenses in different places is increasing. The Ministry of Public Security has further relaxed the conditions for applying for a driver’s license in different places. From September 1, residents in the province can directly apply for a driver’s license for small cars with their ID cards throughout the province, without having to submit a residence permit or temporary residence registration certificate. Residents outside the province can also apply for a small car driver’s license directly within the province after applying for a residence permit in any city in the province.

Wang Qiang, Deputy Director of Traffic Management Bureau of Ministry of Public Security.

　　Wang Qiang, Deputy Director of Traffic Management Bureau of Ministry of Public Security:For example, if you are from Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, then when I want to apply for a driver’s license in Baoding, Hebei Province, or in other places, then you can hold your ID card, and the resident ID card can be applied for anywhere in the province, so I can take the exam and issue a driver’s license.

　　Small cars, trucks and other vehicles have achieved national "general inspection"

　　In terms of motor vehicle inspection, since September 1st, the Ministry of Public Security has comprehensively implemented cross-provincial inspection of small cars, trucks and medium-sized buses to achieve nationwide "general inspection". Applicants can directly inspect in provinces other than the place where motor vehicles are registered, and apply for inspection marks, without going through the entrusted inspection procedures. For vehicles exempted from inspection within 6 years, after verifying the compulsory insurance through the Internet traffic safety comprehensive service platform, they can directly apply for the inspection-free sign, without going back and forth to dmv and signing the driving license, so as to realize online application and mail delivery.

　　Wang Qiang, Deputy Director of Traffic Management Bureau of Ministry of Public Security.: (It turns out) You still need to drive this car back, or take this driving license back to the vehicle management office where the vehicle is registered, then apply for an entrusted inspection. After the implementation of the reform, you can apply directly to the vehicle management office for inspection on the spot. Let’s check first, and then send this relevant information back through the backstage online later. Actually, it was originally necessary for the masses to run away. Now we are running errands online through the Internet.

　　Simplify the one-time completion of vehicle transfer from different places to vehicle inspection.

　　At present, the transfer of vehicle registration in different places requires the owner to submit the vehicle, return the license plate, extract the file and apply for a temporary license at the place where he moves out, and then submit the file, submit the vehicle for inspection and select the license plate at the place where he moves in. The owner and the vehicle run at both ends, with many twists and turns, long cycle and high cost.

　　Since September 1st, the Ministry of Public Security has piloted the electronic online transfer of files of non-operating mini passenger cars in 15 cities, including Nanjing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Chongqing. For the vehicles transferred between the pilot cities, applicants can directly go to the vehicle management office of the transfer place, without going to the vehicle management office of the transfer place to inspect the vehicles and extract paper files. The file information is transferred to dmv, where people move in, through the network, thus reducing the commuting between the two places.

　　Wang Qiang, Deputy Director of Traffic Management Bureau of Ministry of Public Security.: First, you don’t have to run twice. The second one doesn’t need to issue a temporary number plate. I’m worried that this number plate will expire. What’s the problem in the process? Third, this file does not need to be brought by the owner himself, so this avoids the loss of a file in the middle, or the file is tampered with by criminals. The common people also saved the trouble. Besides running twice, he didn’t need to check the car twice.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:With freehand brushwork biotech (Biotech(ID：TXYBiotech), Author: Yang Yi, original title: "Anti-influenza drugs and market analysis", title map from: vision china.

The ugly SARS-CoV-19 has not been completely conquered by human beings, and the lingering influenza virus has begun to wreak havoc again. The struggle between human beings and viruses is like this."Scientific Progress-Virus Variation and Drug Resistance"It spirals up in this cycle. The periodic spread of seasonal influenza virus makes the importance of anti-influenza drug development stand out again.

Oseltamivir, which went on the market 24 years ago, is still the mainstay of anti-influenza drugs. Although the first new drug, Baloshavir, enriched the team of anti-influenza drugs, it went on the market five years ago. After learning the cruelty of SARS-CoV-19 virus, people need to make a breakthrough in the development of influenza drugs.

I. Classification of seasonal influenza

Seasonal influenza（Seasonal influenza）It is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus prevalent all over the world. There are four types of seasonal influenza viruses, A, B, C and D.(Chinese corresponds to influenza A, B, C and D). Influenza A and B viruses spread and cause seasonal epidemics.（seasonal epidemics）.

According to the hemagglutinin on the surface of the virus（HA， hemagglutinin）And neuraminidase（NA， neuraminidase）The combination of influenza A virus is further divided into different subtypes. At present, subtype A is transmitted among humans.（H1N1）And a（H3N2）Influenza virus. A（H1N1）Influenza virus is also written as A.（H1N1）Pdm09, because it caused a pandemic in 2009, replaced the seasonal influenza A spread before 2009.（H1N1）Viruses.

Only influenza A virus is known to cause a pandemic at present. Influenza B virus is not classified into subtypes, but can be classified into lineages. The currently popular influenza B virus belongs to B/Yamagata or B/Victoria pedigree. The detection frequency of influenza C virus is low, which usually causes mild infection, so it is not of public health importance. Influenza D virus mainly affects cattle and does not infect or cause human diseases.^[1]

Second, influenza treatment

Seasonal flu patients without complications, if they have symptoms, stay at home and do their bit to reduce the spread of the virus. By means of self-monitoring, we can decide whether to seek medical treatment.

Patients suffering from serious or progressive clinical diseases related to influenza, that is, pneumonia, septicemia or clinical syndrome aggravated by chronic basic diseases, should receive antiviral drugs as soon as possible. The most common anti-influenza drugs are neuraminidase inhibitors.（Neuraminidase inhibitors）Oseltamivir（oseltamivir）. Ideally, it should be taken within 48 hours of symptoms to maximize the curative effect. It is recommended to treat for at least 5 days, but it can be extended until the clinical improvement is satisfactory.

It should be noted that corticosteroids should not be used for influenza.(corticosteroid, such as prednisone, cortisone, hydrocortisone, etc.)Unless there are other reasons.(e.g. asthma and other specific conditions)Because corticosteroids may lead to prolonged virus clearance time and double infection of bacteria or fungi caused by immunosuppression.

At present, all popular influenza viruses are resistant to adamantane antiviral drugs.(Adamantane antivirals, such as amantadine and rimantadine)Because of their drug resistance, these drugs are not recommended for monotherapy.^[1]

Third, anti-influenza drugs

The main anti-influenza drugs are divided into adamantane, neuraminidase inhibitors and polymerase inhibitors.(Table 1).^[2]There are four kinds of anti-influenza drugs approved by FDA recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Rapivab. （peramivir），Relenza（zanamivir），Tamiflu （oseltamivir phosphate）And Xofluza（baloxavir marboxil）.^[3]

Table 1. Antiinfluenza drugs

1. Neuraminidase inhibitors（Neuraminidase inhibitors）　

Neuraminidase inhibitor（NAI）Targeted neuraminidase（NA）Glycoprotein, which is second only to hemagglutinin in human body.（HA）The most abundant surface glycoprotein. Neuraminidase inhibitors can achieve antiviral effect by inhibiting the emergence of new virus particles in host cells and preventing the enzyme activity necessary for virus transmission.^[4]

The four most common neuraminidase inhibitors are oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir and laninamivir.(Figure 1).

Fig. 1. Common neuraminidase inhibitors and their molecular structures.

Although their structures are similar, there are obvious differences in treatment schemes, routes of administration and drug resistance. The most widely used neuraminidase inhibitor is oseltamivir.(Trade name: Tamiflu)The treatment plan for adults is 75mg twice a day for 5 days. Due to zanamivir(trade name Relenza)The oral bioavailability of is low.（<5%）Therefore, it is approved as an inhalation drug, 5mg each time, twice a day for 5 days.

In 2019, intravenous zanamivir(trade name Dectova)Authorized by the European Union to be used under special circumstances.(e.g. in case of resistance to other anti-influenza drugs). Efforts to increase bioavailability and half-life have led to peramivir.(Trade name: Rapivab/Rapiacta/PeramiFlu)Development of, by intravenous infusion with a single dose of 600mg; And ranimivir (trade name Inavir), a more persistent neuraminidase inhibitor, showed therapeutic effect after a single nasal inhalation dose.^[5] Paramivir and Ranimivir are allowed to be used in a few countries around the world, while oseltamivir and zanamivir are more widely approved geographically.

Different neuraminidase inhibitors show different efficacy, which mainly depends on the subtype/pedigree of influenza virus that infects patients.For example, oseltamivir versus A（H1N1）, a（H3N2）And the seasonal uncomplicated influenza caused by influenza A and B virus is more effective. However, the effect of antiviral therapy may be limited by the resistance of influenza virus to neuraminidase inhibitors. Different neuraminidase inhibitors have different drug resistance.

In view of the drug resistance of common neuraminidase inhibitors, people are now focusing on emerging drugs in research. At least two new neuraminidase inhibitors and one neuraminidase blocker are in the first and second development stages.

HNC042(Guangzhou Hengnuokang Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. and Heilongjiang Zhenbaodao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)In preclinical studies, it showed effective inhibitory activity against wild-type and oseltamivir-resistant NA-H274Y virus. HNC042 showed good safety, tolerability and linear pharmacokinetics in phase I trials in the United States.Learning (NCT04603989). HNC042 is used to prevent and treat influenza, especially for critically ill patients who need hospitalization.

AV5080(ChemRar, Russia, Viriom, USA, Figure 2)The preclinical evaluation revealed the activity against a variety of influenza viruses, including oseltamivir-resistant strains. Oral AV5080 shows good physicochemical and metabolic characteristics and good pharmacokinetic characteristics in animals.^[6]

Fig. 2. chemical structure of a new neuraminidase inhibitor drug candidate AV5080.

CD388 (Cidora Therapeutics Inc., USA)It is a long-acting neuraminidase blocker, and its structure is obtained by coupling neuraminidase of influenza virus to human antibody fragment.(Fc）Proprietary variants of the domain, so as to achieve two completely different and complementary mechanisms.(Figure 3). This new method of preventing and treating virus infection is expected to provide universal protection throughout the flu season. By targeting highly conserved virus areas, CD388 can potentially protect individuals from all influenza strains, including seasonal and pandemic influenza A, influenza B and major drug-resistant viruses with clinical characteristics.（NCT05523089）.

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of CDD components. (Source: CIDARA Therapeutics)

2. Polymerase inhibitors（Polymerase Inhibitors）　

Influenza virus RNA polymerase is very important for virus gene transcription and genome replication, which makes it the main goal of targeted drug design. They are highly conserved among influenza A, B, C and D viruses.^[7] Influenza virus RNA polymerase consists of three subunits: polymerase basic protein 1 in influenza A and B viruses. （PB1）Polymerase basic protein 2（PB2）And polymerase acidic protein.（PA）Or polymerase 3 protein in influenza viruses C and D.(P3) (Figure 4).

Fig. 4. Virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complex model. In vRNP, the 5′ and 3′ ends of genomic antisense virus RNA (vRNA) fragment are bound by heterotrimeric RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and the rest of vRNA is wrapped by nucleoprotein (NP). The complex is twisted into an antiparallel double helix structure, and its structure is maintained by the contact between NP monomers. The vRNA forms a loop opposite to the polymerase binding end 6. (Source: Nature)

The active sites of polymerase that bind, cleave and extend RNA are conserved in various types of influenza viruses, which is why RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is considered as the target of antiviral agents. Recently, several polymerase inhibitors have been developed for each subunit, including PB1 inhibitor favipiravir, PB2 inhibitor pimodivir and PA inhibitor baloxavir marboxil (Figure 5).

Among them, baloxavir marboxil is a relatively new drug, which belongs to hat-dependent endonuclease inhibitor.（cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor， CENI）, a new anti-influenza drug with a new mechanism of action initiated in recent 20 years, was developed by Shionogi.（Shionogi）First developed by Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., there is no equivalent generic drug, which has been proved to have similar symptom relief time and greater viral load reduction for healthy adults and oseltamivir.^[8]A retrospective study shows that baloxavir marboxil may reduce the hospitalization rate compared with neuraminidase inhibitors.^[9]

Fig. 5. Chemical structure of anti-influenza drugs of RNA polymerase inhibitors.

The drug resistance of Baloxavir marboxil, Favipiravir and Pimodivir and other defects highlight the need to develop other polymerase targeting molecules that can widely inhibit influenza A and B viruses.

Pre-clinical studies on various PB2-targeted small molecules are under way.^[10]At least one of them（CC-42344） In the first stage（NCT05202379）, the other one（ZSP1273）In the third stage of research(NCT04024137) (Figure 7). Substitutes for nucleoside inhibitors of Favipiravir, such as molnupiravir.(Figure 6)Because it is effective against various RNA viruses, it may be beneficial to the treatment of influenza, but they may also have teratogenic side effects similar to Favipiravir, so Merck, its developer, finally gave up the development of influenza viruses and turned to Covid-19 for treatment.The development of PB1 inhibitors based on nucleoside and non-nucleoside is in preclinical stage.^[11]But there is no clinical trial at present.

Baloxavir marboxil obviously provides a broad idea for developing polymerase inhibitor anti-influenza drugs, and many patents and in vitro studies focus on compounds or variants of Baloxavir marboxil skeleton.^[12] Although some of them have shown promising in vitro efficacy and pharmacodynamics in mice,^[13]However, candidate drugs such as AL-749 did not pass the Phase I test.

Cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor TG-1000 (Dongyangguang Pharmaceutical)And GP681(Jiangxi Qingfeng and Yinxingshu Pharmaceutical Co-developed)Recently completed the second phase of the experiment.（NCT04706468、NCT04736758), and the recruitment of ZX-7101A phase 1 research is under way.（NCT05217732）. Various small molecules and peptides that disrupt the important protein-protein interaction between components of polymerase complex, including the key contact between PA and PB1 or between PB1 and PB2, are in the preclinical development stage.^[14]

Fig. 6. Chemical structure of a new polymerase inhibitor molnupiravir.

Fourth, the global market of anti-influenza drugs

According to the latest report released by Growth Plus Reports, the global influenza drug market is expected to reach US$ 1.51 billion by 2030, and it will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 4.8% during the forecast period. The number of influenza cases increases sharply every year, which is expected to promote the sustained growth of the influenza drug market.^[15]

North America accounts for most of the global influenza drug market.The high diagnosis rate of influenza, the wider basis of drug discovery and development, the wide availability of treatment methods, and the more significant medical expenditure contribute to the dominant position of influenza drugs in the North American market. The Asia-Pacific region has the second largest market share of influenza drugs in the world. The high prevalence rate, the government’s measures to control diseases, and the increase in health care expenditure have affected this growth.

Due to the increasing incidence of diseases and the existence of considerable influenza-related risk factors in the general population, it is expected that the European market will also see significant growth. NCBI(National Biotechnology Information Center)According to a new study, there are 27,600 respiratory deaths related to seasonal influenza in 28 EU countries every winter, of which 88% are people over 65. The mortality rate of this age group is about 35 times that of people aged 65 and under.

The main participants in the development and sales of influenza drugs include: Sanofi, Lupin, Teva, Shionogi, Macleods, Alvogen, AstraZaneca, BioCryst, La Roche, Novartis, Vitaris, etc.

V. Summary　

Although it is not as ugly as SARS-CoV-2 virus, influenza virus also kills many people, and treating influenza is still an arduous challenge for human beings. Like other antiviral drugs, the development of influenza drugs faces the difficulty of virus resistance. Baloxavir marboxil is the first new drug, which shows activity against some oseltamivir-resistant strains, and there is no significant difference in safety and effectiveness from the recently known drugs used to treat influenza. The listing of Baloxavir marboxil also brings new opportunities for combined treatment with two drugs with different mechanisms of action. Although this kind of research has not been carried out systematically, it provides a valuable new direction for influenza treatment.

In addition to Baloxavir marboxil, there are many drugs under research at different clinical stages.(Figure 7)They will be optimized in pharmacology, drug resistance, pharmacokinetics, etc., and stand on the shoulders of a few influenza drugs at present to launch a unremitting struggle against influenza virus.

Fig. 7. Overview of anti-influenza drugs in development. (Source: Antiviral Research)

References:

[1] WHO. Influenza (Seasonal). 12， 01， 2023. ↑[] Jones， J. C. et al. Influenza antivirals and their role in pandemic preparedness. Antiviral Research. 2023， 210， 105499.　

[2] Influenza (Flu) Antiviral Drugs and Related Information. FDA. 08， 12， 2022.　　

[3] Monto， A. S. et al. Influenza pandemics: history and lessons learned. Webster， R. G. et al (Eds.)， Textbook of Influenza (2 ed.)， Wiley Blackwell， West Sussex， United Kingdom (2013)， pp. 20-36　　

[4] Sugaya， N. et al. Long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor laninamivir octanoate (CS-8958) versus oseltamivir as treatment for children with influenza virus infection. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2010， 54， 2575-2582

[5] Ivachtchenko， A. V. et al. Novel oral anti-influenza drug candidate AV5080. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2014， 69， 1892-1902.　　

[6] Peng， Q. et al. Structural insight into RNA synthesis by influenza D polymerase. Nat Microbiol. 2019， 4， 1750–1759.　　

[7] Hayden， F. G. et al. Baloxavir marboxil for uncomplicated influenza in adults and adolescentsN. Engl. J. Med. 2018， 379， 913-923.　

[8] Komeda， T. et al. Comparison of hospitalization incidence in influenza outpatients treated with baloxavir marboxil or neuraminidase inhibitors: a health insur ance claims database studyClin. Infect. Dis.， 2021， 73， e1181-e1190.　

[9] Chen， W. et al.　 Approaches for discovery of small-molecular antivirals targeting to influenza A virus PB2 subunit. Drug Discov. Today. 2022， 27， 1545-1553.　

[10] Hou， L. et al. Contemporary medicinal chemistry strategies for the discovery and optimization of influenza inhibitors targeting vRNP constituent proteins. Acta Pharm. Sin. B. 2022， 12， 1805-1824.　　

[11] Stevaert， A. et al. The influenza virus polymerase complex: an update on its structure， functions， and significance for antiviral drug design. Med. Res. Rev. 2016， 36， 1127-1173.　

[12] Ivashchenko， A. A. et al. Synthesis， inhibitory activity and oral dosing formulation of AV5124， the structural analogue of influenza virus endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2021， 76， 1010-1018.　

[13] Massari， S. et al. Inhibition of influenza virus polymerase by interfering with its protein-protein interactions. ACS Infect. Dis. 2021， 7， 1332-1350.

[14] Influenza Medication Market – Global Outlook & Forecast 2022-2030. Growth Plus. 11， 10， 2022.　

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:With freehand brushwork biotech (Biotech(ID：TXYBiotech), author: Yang Yi

Interpretation of "Guidelines for Preventing novel coronavirus from Infecting the Public to Wear Masks (April 2023 Edition)" by Provincial Disease Control Experts
These three kinds of situations or scenes should still wear masks.

Haikou, April 15th (Reporter &ensp; Marco) On April 12th, the Epidemic Prevention and Control Group of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council released the Guidelines for Preventing People from Wearing Masks in novel coronavirus (April 2023). On April 15, the provincial disease control experts interpreted this.

Why should we revise the guidelines for wearing masks? It is reported that during the period when novel coronavirus was infected with "Class B A tube", the state successively issued five versions of the guidelines for wearing masks, which played an important role in protecting public health and effectively preventing and controlling the spread of the epidemic. At present, the epidemic situation in COVID-19 in China is generally sporadic, but the global epidemic situation is still prevalent and the virus strains are constantly mutating, so there is still the risk of epidemic rebound in China. According to the epidemic situation and the need of prevention and control in China, on the basis of the first five editions of the guidelines on wearing masks, the Guidelines on Preventing People from Infecting novel coronavirus from Wearing Masks (April 2023 edition) was formulated to guide the public to wear masks scientifically and standardly.

What situations or scenarios?Should I wear a mask?

1&ensp;There is a risk of epidemic spread, such as when the public is infected in novel coronavirus or when there are symptoms of suspected novel coronavirus infection;

2&ensp;Being in a situation or scene with high risk of infection, such as when there is a cluster epidemic in the community where you live, work or study, and when you go to a medical institution for treatment, accompanying, accompanying or visiting;

3&ensp;Strictly guard against situations or scenes in which the epidemic situation is imported into key institutions. For example, foreigners should wear masks when entering places where vulnerable people are concentrated, such as pension institutions, social welfare institutions, child care institutions, schools, off-campus training institutions and other public service personnel should wear masks throughout their work to prevent the epidemic situation from being imported into relevant key institutions.

What situations or scenarios?Suggest wearing a mask?

1&ensp;Entering areas or places with large traffic or closed environment and crowded people, such as taking public transport, entering supermarkets, theaters, passenger stations, etc., once novel coronavirus-infected people exist in relevant areas or places, it is easy to spread the epidemic due to crowded people, poor ventilation and other reasons;

2&ensp;The elderly, patients with chronic basic diseases, pregnant women and other special groups are more harmful after infection, so it is recommended to wear masks when going to indoor public places to strengthen self-protection;

3&ensp;For large-scale meetings or activities with a wide source of personnel and strong mobility, if the participants do not carry out nucleic acid detection or antigen detection and health monitoring, once an epidemic situation is imported, it is recommended to wear a mask.

What situations or scenarios?Don’t wear a mask?

1&ensp;Situations or scenes with low risk of infection, such as outdoor places such as open squares and parks, or indoor places and conference rooms with relatively fixed personnel;

2&ensp;A situation or scene where the risk of infection is effectively prevented, such as holding a large-scale meeting or activity, by conducting nucleic acid detection or antigen detection and health monitoring on the participants, potential infected persons can be found in time;

3&ensp;A situation or scene where the risk of infection is low and wearing a mask may have a certain impact on work, life and study, for example, infants under 3 years old, teachers and students at school, people who are exercising, and people who may have difficulty breathing when wearing a mask.

How to choose to wear itSuitable type of mask?

Experts said that in view of the high risk of spreading the epidemic in novel coronavirus infected people and suspected infected people, it is suggested that they wear N95 or KN95 particulate protection masks or above (without breathing valves), while others suggest wearing disposable medical masks or surgical masks, and pay attention to changing masks in time.

Cartography/Sun Faqiang

　　Beijing, July 22 (Reporter Xin Huang learned from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology today that in the first half of the year, China’s telecom business revenue totaled 692.7 billion yuan, up 3.2% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.4 percentage points higher than that in the first quarter.

　　It is worth noting that in the first half of the year, the cumulative traffic of mobile Internet reached 74.5 billion GB, a year-on-year increase of 34.5%; Among them, the mobile Internet traffic reached 72 billion GB, up 30.4% year-on-year, accounting for 96.6% of the total mobile Internet traffic. In June, the average mobile Internet access traffic per household reached 10.14GB/ household, up 29.3% year-on-year, and 1.55GB/ household higher than that in December last year.

　　In particular, the growth rate of mobile Internet access traffic in the western region is leading. In the first half of the year, the mobile Internet access traffic in the eastern, central, western and northeastern regions reached 31.3 billion, 16.3 billion, 22.7 billion and 4.2 billion GB respectively, up by 29.5%, 36.5%, 41.8% and 28.4% year-on-year, and the growth rate in the western region was ahead of the whole country. Among them, in June, the average mobile Internet access traffic (DOU) of 16 provinces in China was higher than the average level, and the DOU values of Tibet, Yunnan and Guizhou were in the top three, reaching 15.95GB/ household, 15.06GB/ household and 14.81GB/ household; The difference between the highest and lowest DOU values in each province is 9.15GB/ household, which is 3.27GB/ household higher than the same period of last year.

　　Li Zhen, an industrial research analyst at the Innovation Research Institute of Peking University Science Park, said in an interview with the Economic Daily that the rapid increase in mobile Internet traffic in the first half of the year was due to the following reasons: First, the gradual use of 5G and the increasing popularity of 5G smartphones provided higher quality content, which correspondingly boosted the increase in mobile Internet traffic; Second, the speed-up and fee reduction are deepening, and operators have brought users a higher quality mobile traffic experience, which makes users prefer mobile networks in the process of use; Third, the epidemic caused all parties to participate in the construction, and operators actively carried out remote live broadcast and 5G network laying, which boosted the usage of mobile Internet traffic. Therefore, mobile Internet traffic showed a rising trend.

　　Correspondingly, in the first half of the year, it was data and Internet business income that supported the steady growth of telecom business income. In the first half of the year, the fixed and mobile data and Internet business revenues of the three basic telecom enterprises were 115.7 billion yuan and 318.5 billion yuan, respectively, up by 7.6% and 3.2% year-on-year, accounting for 16.7% and 46% respectively, up by 0.7 and 0.1 percentage points year-on-year, driving the telecom business revenue to increase by 1.2 and 1.5 percentage points, which is the main pillar of the steady growth of telecom business revenue.

　　"The accelerated growth of fixed value-added and other income is the first driving force for the growth of telecom business income." Li Zhen said.

　　In the first half of the year, three basic telecom enterprises actively developed emerging services such as IPTV, Internet data center, big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence, and achieved a total revenue of 90.3 billion yuan in fixed value-added services, up 23.5% year-on-year, with a growth rate of 4.6 percentage points higher than that in the first quarter, accounting for 13% of the telecom business revenue, accounting for 1.7 percentage points higher than that in the same period last year, which boosted the telecom business revenue growth by 2.6 percentage points.

　　This can also be seen from the classification of mobile phone users. According to statistics, by the end of June, the three basic telecommunications companies had developed 1.106 billion cellular Internet of Things end users, up 32.7% year-on-year, with a net increase of 78.12 million over the end of last year, among which the end users used in intelligent manufacturing, intelligent transportation and intelligent public utilities accounted for 21.1%, 18.2% and 21.4% respectively. The total number of IPTV users reached 304 million, a year-on-year increase of 7.9%. The number of mobile Internet users reached 1.32 billion, and the penetration rate of mobile phone users was 82.8%, up 0.6 percentage points from the end of last year.

　　At the same time, the revenue of fixed communication business grew steadily, and the decline of mobile communication business revenue continued to narrow. In the first half of the year, three basic telecom enterprises realized fixed communication business income of 236.3 billion yuan, up 12% year-on-year, and the growth rate increased by 2.2 percentage points compared with the same period of last year and the first quarter, accounting for 34.1% of telecom business income; The revenue of mobile communication business was 456.4 billion yuan, down 0.9% year-on-year, and the decline rate was 3.1 and 1 percentage point lower than that of the same period of last year and the first quarter respectively, accounting for 65.9% of the telecom business revenue.

　　The data also shows that as of the end of June, the total number of mobile phone users of the three basic telecommunications companies reached 1.595 billion, a year-on-year increase of 0.6%. Among them, the number of 4G users was 1.283 billion, up 4.2% year-on-year, accounting for 80.4% of the total number of mobile phone users, up 0.2 percentage points from the first quarter.

　　At present, China’s fixed broadband access users are migrating at a high rate, and the proportion of 100-megabit access users is gradually increasing. By the end of June, the total number of fixed Internet broadband access users of the three basic telecommunications enterprises reached 465 million, up 7% year-on-year, with a net increase of 15.73 million over the end of last year. Among them, there are 434 million optical fiber access users, accounting for 93.2% of the total fixed Internet broadband access users. There are 404 million fixed Internet broadband access users with access rates of 100Mbps and above, accounting for 86.8% of the total number of users, accounting for an increase of 1.5 percentage points over the first quarter; With the accelerated promotion of gigabit broadband services, there are 2.67 million fixed Internet broadband access users with access rates of 1000Mbps and above, a net increase of 1.8 million over the end of last year.

When the weather gets cold after entering winter, it may face the risk of mutual or co-epidemic of COVID-19, influenza and other respiratory infectious diseases, which will bring a new round of respiratory infectious disease infection peak, so it is urgent to prevent it in advance.

According to the report of China CDC, since 2023, the proportion of XBB mutants and their subfamilies in China has gradually increased, reaching 99% by the end of August. XBB series mutant is a kind of recombinant mutant in Omicron, and its spreading ability and immune escape ability are stronger than those of Omicron mutant which was popular in the early stage, so it is a global dominant strain at present.

Photo courtesy of the enterprise, issued by Yangguang. com

At the end of July, 2023, the State Council issued the Work Plan for Vaccination of Key Population in Covid-19 in the Near Future (hereinafter referred to as the Vaccination Plan) in response to the joint prevention and control mechanism of novel coronavirus infection. The Vaccination Plan clearly states that during the epidemic period of XBB mutant in Covid-19, especially in autumn and winter this year, it is recommended to vaccinate the vaccine containing XBB mutant antigen. The recombinant trivalent XBB Covid-19 trimer protein vaccine (Sf9 cells) developed by WEISKE Bio/Sichuan University Huaxi-VIKEXIN trivalent XBB vaccine has been officially launched in many places in China recently.

Photo courtesy of the enterprise, issued by Yangguang. com

The research shows that XBB mutant has strong immune escape ability and is prone to breakthrough infection, and the key population such as the elderly population is more harmful after being infected with XBB mutant. The "Vaccination Plan" points out that people aged 60 and above who have completed basic immunization or have been infected with Covid-19, or people aged 18-59 who have serious basic diseases, people with low immune function, and people with high risk of infection (including: civil affairs, health care, education, housing construction, transportation, public security, justice, state-owned assets, finance, market, cultural tourism, industrial letter, commerce, science and technology, people and society)

Photo courtesy of the enterprise, issued by Yangguang. com

In July this year, the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism promulgated the "Vaccination Plan", and the trivalent XBB vaccine of Wickham has been included in emergency use in a certain range, which can be used for vaccination of key populations in the near future. This vaccine is the world’s first broad-spectrum COVID-19 vaccine developed by West China of Sichuan University in conjunction with Wesker Biological Team to effectively prevent diseases caused by Covid-19 XBB.1.5 and other variants, and can effectively prevent diseases caused by current XBB and other variants Covid-19.

It is reported that at present, the 3-valent XBB vaccine of Wickham has been delivered, and will arrive at many CDC and inoculation units in the country one after another. Citizens who meet the inoculation conditions can consult the relevant CDC and inoculation units to make an appointment for vaccination.

Photo courtesy of the enterprise, issued by Yangguang. com

Accurate and powerful, better security.

Wickham trivalent XBB vaccine is a high-purity and high-quality trivalent mutant recombinant protein vaccine produced by Wesker Bio, which takes advantage of the rapid response of the international advanced insect cell technology platform to produce recombinant protein vaccine. Aiming at the spike protein receptor binding domain (S-RBD) and heptapeptide repeat domain (HR) of COVID-19 mutants such as XBB, the vaccine is prepared by accurately designing subunit vaccine antigen based on structure, self-assembling into stable protein particles with trimer structure, purifying and mixing, and adding oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant based on squalene. The innovative adjuvant greatly improved the titer of neutralizing antibody of the vaccine, and made the trimer protein vaccine induce a stronger T cell immune response in vivo.

The clinical trial data showed that the trivalent XBB vaccine of Vikexin could induce high-level neutralizing antibodies against the mutant strains such as XBB.1, XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, XBB.1.9.1, EG.5, XBB.2.3, BA.5, etc., with good safety, which is of great significance to prevent the infection of mutant strains and reduce the severe disease rate and mortality rate.

It is reported that since May, 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Center for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) have successively made suggestions on updating the composition of the vaccine in COVID-19 in 2023, and proposed that the new vaccine should induce neutralizing antibody reaction against the XBB mutant, the mainstream strain in COVID-19. WHO suggests that the elderly, young people with severe complications (such as diabetes and heart disease), people with low immune function and frontline health workers should be given priority to receive COVID-19 vaccine against XBB mutant.

In September, 2023, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) officially updated and recommended the XBB mutant COVID-19 vaccine in the United States, suggesting that people over 6 months in the United States should be vaccinated with the upgraded COVID-19 vaccine with XBB.1.5 as antigen in autumn and winter of 2023. According to US government data, as of mid-November, about 36 million adults have been vaccinated with the latest COVID-19 vaccine, which means that 13.9% of adults have been vaccinated with the upgraded XBB COVID-19 vaccine in the two months since the XBB vaccine was launched in the United States.

References:

1. the epidemic situation of infection in novel coronavirus in China. China center for disease control and prevention network.2023,9.https://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/CRB/ZL/szkb _ 11803/jszl _ 13141/202309/t20230906 _ 269361.html.

National COVID-19 Infection Epidemic Situation. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention website. 2023, 9.https://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/crb/zl/szkb_11803/jszl_13141/202309/t20230906_269361.html

2.Callaway, E. COVID’s future: mini-waves rather than seasonal surges. Nature. 2023, 5. pp. 229？ 230

3. Bowe, Benjamin, et al. Acute and postacute sequelae associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. Nature Medicine. 2022,11. pp. 2398-2405

4.WHO. SAGE updates COVID-19 vaccination guidance. SAGE updates COVID-19 vaccination guidance ( who.int )

5.Statement on the antigen composition of COVID-19 vaccines.WHO. 2023,5. https:// www.who.int/news/item/18-05-2023-statement-on-the-antigen-composition-of-covid-19-vaccines

6.EMA and ECDC statement on updating COVID-19 vaccines to target new SARS-CoV-2 virus variants.EMA.2023, 7. https:// www.ema.europa.eu/ en/news/ ema-ecdc- statement- updating-covid-19-vaccines-target-new-sars-cov-2-virus-variants

7. Product description of recombinant trivalent Covid-19 (XBB+BA.5+Delta mutant) trimer protein vaccine (Sf9 cell).

Package insert of Recombinant COVID-19 Trivalent (XBB + BA.5 + Delta) Protein Vaccine (Sf9 Cell)

(Note: This article belongs to the commercial information published by Yangguang. com, and the content of the article does not represent the views of this website, and it is for reference only)

Special feature of 1905 film network　In the current film market, there are countless movies about theft, and the early movies in Hollywood and Hong Kong are quite outstanding. In particular, Hong Kong-made pirated films have also inspired and influenced some rising stars in the Mainland to a certain extent.

Nowadays, the series, series, series, series, etc. we see all incorporate many new elements in theft. Of course, domestic peers are also unique in this field.

On August 11th, a film about theft directed by Feng Delun was officially released. Compared with most of the theft movies mentioned above, Grand Theft Auto only stays at the level of completing a film. While insisting on his own personality, Feng Delun lost his control as a director, and his action scenes were abnormal, and his emotional scenes were unattractive, wrapping a mediocre idea with mediocre camera language.

First, deconstruct the story: the new tricks can’t be played, and the old routines fail.

The main characters in the story of Grand Theft Auto are two men and one woman. Andy Lau plays the wily team boss Zhang Dan, Yang Shining plays the hacker genius Chen Xiaobao, and Shu Qi plays the beautiful thief Ye Hong. This is basically a necessary setting for stealing films. One is responsible for decision-making, the other is responsible for seduction, and the other is responsible for technical support.

In fact, it is not difficult to see that the two men and one woman in Grand Theft Auto are very much like the film "Crossing the Seas" directed by John Woo in 1991. In "Around the World", three people with distinct personalities were entrusted with the task of stealing famous products but were framed. The story of "Grand Theft Auto" is exactly the same.

In terms of scene setting, the two are similar. The famous painting "Herring’s Maid" in "Around the World" and the jewelry "Soul Spring" in "Grand Theft Auto" are all hidden in the old castle. How to steal them has become the key point of the film.Feng Delun’s handling method is similar to stealing famous paintings in John Woo’s movies, but it does not have the tense atmosphere and romantic temperament created by John Woo.

In "Around the World", Chow Yun Fat and Leslie Cheung staged a classic passage of hiding from infrared rays with red wine in the process of stealing famous paintings. The two of them responded to the organs in a vigorous and agile way, and they also took a picture of the friendship of "a thousand cups of friends are few".

"Grand Theft Auto" also has passages about infrared organs, but the handling method of the film is that Yang Shining directly uses hacking technology to turn off infrared rays, which reduces the stimulation of passing through infrared rays. Comparatively speaking, the handling of this paragraph is very thin.

In "Around the World", Wu Yusen contributed to the classic bridge of making a big auction and stealing keys in the ballroom. Chow Yun Fat and Cherie Chung danced a classic wheelchair dance, which blended romanticism into the crime theme.

Look at "Grand Theft Auto" again, and there are also dancing scenes in the process of stealing famous paintings. Ye Hong, played by Shu Qi, dances with the collector, played by Sha Yi, in order to steal Sha Yi’s fingerprints. However, the props tied to Shu Qi’s body didn’t arouse Sha Yi’s suspicion at all, and he passed this test very easily, which was somewhat rash in handling.

In addition to Across the World, Feng Delun’s Grand Theft Auto has other movies. Pierre, a policeman played by Jean Reno, is an important figure in the film and an old friend of Andy Lau in the film. His life seems to be aimed at catching Zhang Dan to gain a sense of accomplishment.

The chase between Jean Reno and Andy Lau is like another work directed by John Woo and Spielberg’s. Li Xiuxian, a policeman in Bloody Men, saw the other side of Chow Yun Fat as a killer. The same is true of the relationship between Jean Reno and Andy Lau in Grand Theft Auto. Jean Reno mentioned why he always wanted to catch Andy Lau, just because "he is the worst thief, he has patience and integrity", and the two gradually got to appreciate each other, and then they cooperated.

It is understandable to join the confrontation between Jean Reno and Andy Lau, which may make the film more interesting. However, Feng Delun made a mistake in controlling the overall rhythm, which made the final presentation more confusing. Moreover, it is an old routine for two people to reach an agreement to fight together, which can be expected from Jean Reno’s constant mention of the reasons for arresting him.

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